Living Mountain Observatory

Living Mountain Observatory

Intelligent network for monitoring, scientific research and management of mountain ecosystems

Concept

Living Mountain Observatory (LMO)— is an intelligent distributed monitoring network that integrates sensors, automatic stations, unmanned systems, robotic platforms, satellite observations, and artificial intelligence to continuously monitor the condition of mountain watersheds.

Unlike traditional monitoring systems, the Living Mountain Observatory goes beyond data collection. It creates a digital model of the entire ecosystem, predicts changes, evaluates the effectiveness of conservation measures, and provides a scientific basis for long-term management.

The main principle:

What cannot be continuously measured, analyzed and predicted cannot be effectively managed.

Project mission

To create the world's largest distributed environmental monitoring system, enabling the management of mountain watersheds based on objective data, scientific analysis, and digital modeling.

Main tasks

Living Mountain Observatory provides:

continuous monitoring of all natural processes;

early detection of environmental threats;

support for ecosystem restoration;

scientific support of the project;

automatic accumulation of long-term data;

decision-making support.

System architecture

Living Mountain Observatory consists of several interconnected levels.

1. Climate network

Automatic weather stations are located throughout the territory.

Controlled by:

air temperature;

relative humidity;

atmospheric pressure;

wind speed;

wind direction;

solar radiation;

ultraviolet radiation;

amount of precipitation;

precipitation intensity;

snow reserves;

snow depth;

dew point;

evaporation;

probability of fog formation.

This data is used by the systemDREVO Cloud & Mist System.

2. Soil monitoring

Sensors are installed at different depths.

Measured:

humidity;

temperature;

density;

water permeability;

oxygen content;

organic matter;

carbon content;

pH;

electrical conductivity;

biological activity of the soil.

3. Groundwater monitoring

Controlled by:

groundwater level;

seasonal fluctuations;

temperature;

mineralization;

direction of water movement;

filtration rate.

Particular attention is paid to the restoration of springs.

4. Spring stations

Each key spring receives an automatic station.

Controlled by:

debit;

temperature;

electrical conductivity;

pH;

dissolved oxygen content;

turbidity;

seasonal changes.

5. River stations

Hydrological posts are installed on the rivers.

Measured:

water consumption;

flow speed;

water level;

turbidity;

temperature;

dissolved oxygen;

nutrient content;

water quality.

6. Forest monitoring

Used:

dendrometers;

sap flow sensors;

wood moisture meters;

cameras;

acoustic stations.

Controlled by:

tree growth;

crown condition;

water stress;

development of diseases;

the impact of droughts.

7. Biodiversity monitoring

Automatically recorded:

birds;

mammals;

amphibians;

insects;

mushrooms;

plants;

invasive species.

Used:

camera trap;

acoustic stations;

automatic species recognition;

spectral analysis.

8. Geodynamic monitoring

Controlled by:

slope movement;

development of cracks;

slide;

talus;

erosion;

mudflow processes.

Used:

inclinometers;

GNSS stations;

lidar;

satellite interferometry (InSAR).

9. Fire monitoring

The system detects:

increase in temperature;

smoke;

change in humidity;

fire spread rate.

Used:

thermal imagers;

cameras;

infrared sensors;

drones.

Robotic monitoring

TREVO AeroSense Drone

Performed by:

LiDAR scanning;

photogrammetry;

spectral imaging;

thermal imaging analysis;

erosion mapping;

vegetation monitoring.